Mathematical Modelling of the Electromagnetic Halbach Array for Wireless Power Transfer

An inductive Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) system delivers energy wirelessly from a transmitter (Tx) to a receiver (Rx). Energy transfer efficiency largely depends on coil properties, alignment, and space (air gap) between the coils. The Electromagnetic Halbach Array WPT (EHA-WPT) system has a transmitter consisting of five coils and can produce an alternating single-sided electromagnetic field without using any ferrite backing. It has been proven to be able to extend the power transfer distance between the transmitter and the receiver. This work proposes a mathematical model of the EHA. Biot-Savart’s law of magnetic field in a current-carrying square loop is used to establish the model. The model is validated through Finite Element Model (FEM) simulations with small errors. To verify the analytical and simulation results, an EHA was fabricated, and experimental verification was carried out. The proposed model offers a new approach to optimizing electromagnetic Halbach arrays with accuracy, speed, and easy interaction without the need for extra resources.