Power quality analysis of PV inverters in agrivoltaics systems applied to smart greenhouses

This work is part of a research project carried out under the R&D program regulated by the National Electric Energy Agency (ANEEL) and which has developed two smart greenhouses for protected cultivation of banana and orchid seedlings. Smart greenhouses feature control and automation systems, architecture and bioclimatic strategies, and energy systems (artificial lighting system, artificial heating system, evaporative cooling system and photovoltaic system). A sensor network monitors indoor environmental variables and an automatic weather station monitors outdoor environmental variables. A computer system based on artificial intelligence is responsible for the autonomous control of the greenhouses. This paper presents the study of power quality indicators of agrivoltaic systems applied to smart greenhouses. For relative powers greater than 20%, the total harmonic distortion of current (THDA) is less than 4% and is less than 2% for relative powers greater than 60%. At nominal power, THDA is approximately 1%. The main current harmonic components are of order 2, 3, 5, 7 and 9, however, with lower values and in accordance with the limits established in technical standards. From August 2022 to July 2023, the yield final of the agrivoltaic systems of the smart greenhouses of Santa Rosa do Sul/SC and Alpestre/RS was, respectively, 1418.91 kWh/kWP and 1490.68 kWh/kWP.