Power system balancing of North Sea countries with large share of wind power towards 2050

Increasing share of renewables poses new challenges towards planning and operation of power systems all

over the world, thereby, requiring new methods and tools. This article explains the value of balancing tool chain

which encompasses operation of market and power system from day-ahead planning until the real-time dynamic

simulation. The salient features for such a balancing tool chain is discussed in this article. A Balancing Tool

Chain has been developed and validated based on balancing principles of Denmark and Europe. The efficacy of

the balancing tool chain is demonstrated through very detailed case studies of massive penetration of offshore

wind power in North Sea countries towards 2050. Using detailed case studies, recommendations are provided

towards balancing of North Sea countries in terms of operational and balancing practices as well as dimensioning

of reserves for future scenarios.