Improved Spike-based Brain-Machine Interface Using Bayesian Adaptive
Kernel Smoother and Deep Learning
Abstract
Multiunit activity (MUA) has been proposed to mitigate the robustness
issue faced by single-unit activity (SUA)-based brain-machine interfaces
(BMIs). Most MUA-based BMIs still employ a binning method for extracting
firing rates and linear decoder for decoding behavioural parameters. The
limitations of binning and linear decoder lead to suboptimal performance
of MUA-based BMIs. To address this issue, we propose Bayesian adaptive
kernel smoother (BAKS) as the feature extraction method and long
short-term memory (LSTM)-based deep learning as the decoding algorithm.
We evaluated the proposed methods for reconstructing (offline) hand
kinematics from intracortical neural data chronically recorded from the
motor cortex of a monkey. Experimental results showed that BAKS coupled
with LSTM outperformed other combinations of feature extraction method
(binning or fixed kernel smoother) and decoding algorithm (Kalman filter
or Wiener filter). Overall results demonstrate the effectiveness of BAKS
and LSTM for improving the decoding performance of MUA-based BMIs.