Abstract
This paper presents distributed and asynchronous active fault management
(DA-AFM) to manage renewable energy upon faults. Addressed here are two
challenges in fault management for photovoltaic (PV) farms and wind
farms. The first one is the activation of crowbars in doubly-fed
induction generator (DFIG) wind turbine systems during fault
ride-though. The activation undesirably makes DFIG-based wind farms lose
control and absorb reactive power. The second challenge is
implementation of distributed fault management for distinct PV farms
with different objectives and constraints. Coordination for large number
of PV farms facilitates integration of themselves and other renewable
energy. To prevent crowbars from being activated, DA-AFM controls nearby
PV farms’ interface converters to smooth voltage drops so that DFIGs
experience voltages with a lower dropping speed. To enable distributed
computation of DA-AFM’s optimization formulation, a distributed and
asynchronous surrogate Lagrangian relaxation (DA-SLR) method is devised
to coordinate a cluster of PV farms. Simulation results have
demonstrated DA-AFM’s effectiveness in preventing crowbars’ activation
in wind farms and in coordinating diverse PV farms.