Generation and Transmission Expansion Planning With Respect to Global
Warming Potential
Abstract
As a result of global efforts to reduce greenhouse
gas emissions, future energy system designs must be investigated.
However, previous studies in integrated generation and transmission
expansion planning neglect indirect emissions and therefore the full
global warming potential of system designs. We introduce a linear,
single-stage integrated expansion planning model with respect to global
warming potential of all components. Neglecting indirect emissions
underestimates the global warming potential by more than 20% and the
total cost by almost 10% in an exemplary showcase. The inclusion of
indirect emissions tightens the emission budget and therefore leads to
different system designs.