Abstract
This work proposes a small dual-band (2.4 GHz and 4.89 GHz bands) 3D
beamforming Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) antenna for emerging
size-constrained Internet of Things (IoT) applications. The performance
is realized via digital beamforming in a structure sized only 51.5 mm in
diameter (smaller than half wavelength at 2.4 GHz). At the 2.4 GHz band,
the antenna realizes an isolation > 30 dB, and the Envelope
Correlation Coefficient (ECC) is < 0.0003), with a
bi-directional beamforming capability in the azimuth plane and
unidirectional beamforming across the elevation plane. At the 4.89 GHz
band, the isolation is > 19 dB, and the ECC<
0.0047, while unidirectional beamforming is achieved in both the azimuth
and elevation planes.Â